Naipes Nacionales
A forgotten pioneer of Mesoamerican-inspired lithography, a decade ahead of his rivals.
English summary: Emilio Cuenca arrived in Mexico during the 1880s and began working as a representative for the paper industrialist Ricardo Sáinz, who had ties to Spanish lithographic firms. In 1892, Cuenca established his own company, Litografía Comercial / Emilio Cuenca y Cía. This deck is the only known surviving example of his work in this field. Pre-dating both Clemente Jacques (1912) and Naipes Cuauhtemoc (1929), Cuenca published this deck in 1896. It was inspired by pre-Hispanic Mesoamerican culture and features a mix of seated kings, native warriors and determined conquistadors, the latter as the cavaliers.
Emilio Cuenca era un aragonés que arribó a México en la década de 1880, empleándose como representante del industrial papelero Ricardo Sáinz, relacionado este último con empresas litográficas españolas. En 1892 crea su propia empresa, Litografía Comercial / Emilio Cuenca y Cía., siendo esta baraja la única muestra conocida de su actividad en esta materia. Adelantándose tanto a Clemente Jacques (1912) como a Naipes Cuauhtemoc (1929), Emilio Cuenca publicó en 1896 esta baraja inspirada en la cultura mesoamericana prehispánica, donde tienen espacio tanto graves reyes sedentes, como aguerridos nativos y decididos conquistadores, ocupando éstos el espacio asignado a los caballos.
‘Naipes Nacionales’ producido por Litografía Comercial Emilio Cuenca y Cía, Mejico, 1896. La impresión es litografía en color.
Una imagen de esta baraja aparece en el libro de Hargrave A History of Playing Cards. Según parece, existe otra baraja de este fabricante, con la marca “El Sol”.
By Alberto Pérez González
Spain • Member since December 21, 2016
I am a researcher and my primary interest lies in playing cards manufactured in Cádiz (not the 'Cádiz' type in general). I have authored several articles in the annual Asescoin magazine 'La Sota'. Among them are: “Madrid’s Playing Cards from the 17th to the 20th Century”; “New Contributions to the Study of Playing Cards in the Valencian Country”; “The Fouquets: 'Navarra pattern' in the Netherlands”; “Divided Playing Cards: Combining Ingenuity with Skill”; “Here Be Dragons: Speculations on the Evolution of the so-called 'Portuguese' Pattern”; “Playing Cards in Chile: News and Chronicles from the Viceroyalty Era”...
I have written and designed the book “Los Naipes de Cádiz” (296 pp). Additionally, I have contributed to the design, layout, and collaboration in Enrique García Martín’s book “Naipes, Arte y Fantasía” (444 pp).
Activity for Naipes Nacionales
Sign in to comment or save this article.
Related Articles
Baraja Mexicana Calendárica
Scholarly Mexican playing cards with Aztec and Maya calendar motifs.
Spanish-Suited Playing Cards in Latin America
The journey of Spanish-Suited decks from Conquistadores to local makers.
Visite Mexico
Promoting Mexican tourism with 54 different photographs in full colour.
Mexican ethnic playing cards
Mexican ethnic groups depicted on playing cards by Fábrica de Naipes Cuauhtemoc.
South American Costumes
Costumes of people of Brazil, Peru and Mexico, with views of Rio de Janeiro on the aces.
Happy Playing Cards
Cheerful, colourful designs on handmade paper from Nepal.
Christopher Columbus 5th Centenary playing cards
Fifth Centenary of the Discovery of America playing cards by published by Heraclio Fournier.
Tonalamatl
Baraja Tonalamatl Mexican Aztec playing cards based on the prehispanic Codex Borgia manuscript.
Naipes Criollos
“Naipes Criollos” Gaucho playing cards, 1995.
America
“America” playing cards designed by Teodoro N Miciano, 1960.
Pedro Domecq
Anglo-American pattern for Pedro Domecq Mexican brandy made by Productos Leo S.A., c.2000.
Baraja Hispanoamericana
“Baraja Hispanoamericana” published by Asescoin, with artwork by Ortuño, illustrates memorable peopl...
Baraja Charra Ernesto Icaza
“Baraja Charra” with paintings by Ernesto Icaza, 2002.
Aparcero
Naipes Argentinos 'La Partida' y 'Aparcero' published by Obsequios Empresarios Argentinos, Santa Fe....
Aeronaves de Mexico
Special pack for Aeronaves de Mexico S.A., designed by Ramón Valdiosera Berman, mid-1960s.
Naipes Nacionales
Naipes Nacionales designed by Manuel Bayardi and published by Clemente Jacques y Cia, Mexico c.1940....
Naipes Victoria Gaucho
Naipes Victoria Spanish-suited, gaucho-themed pack celebrating the culture and traditions of the gau...
Las Cartas de Tacuabe by Manos del Uruguay
Tacuabé was a Charrúa native from Uruguay, an indigenous tribe that became extinct following Europea...
Native Indian Hand-made Cards made on rawhide
Native Indian hand-made cards made on rawhide.
Most Popular
Our top articles from the past 60 days