Llombart pattern

The Llombart pattern originated in Spain

During the early 19th century several Spanish manufacturers were producing finely engraved packs (Clemente Roxas, Josef Monjardín, Martínez de Castro) and Anton Llombart was also in this group, producing several fancy costume packs. This particular design has become known as the “Llombart pattern” as it was copied by manufacturers in several other countries (Belgium, France, Germany, Mexico). As can be seen, all the cavaliers and sotas (Jacks) wear hats with conspicuous feathers and many of the figures wear white breeches.

Above: cards from a pack made by Anton Llombart, Barcelona, dated 1822. © The Trustees of the British Museum number 1896,0501.1343►

Anonymous versions of the Llombart pattern.

Above: cards from a Llombart pattern which is very similar to the Mexican pack (shown below) by an anonymous manufacturer. 48 cards, hand-coloured lithograph, backs printed in blue with a diagonal pattern of small circles formed of dots. © The Trustees of the British Museum • Museum number 1938,0905.1.1-48►

Above: an uncut sheet of 8 playing-cards which correspond with the Llombart pattern executed at Frankfurt for the Spanish market, 19th century. © The Trustees of the British Museum • Museum number 1896,0501.1220►

Above: an anonymous uncut sheet of 20 playing-cards which correspond with the Llombart pattern, 19th century. © The Trustees of the British Museum • Museum number 1883,1110.135►

Cards from a Mexican pack c.1835; maker unknown

These cards are of the 'Plumed Hat' or 'Llombart' pattern and were issued in support of the Mexican Federation. Mexico gained independence from Spain in 1821. One year earlier, a popularist revolution overthrew the newly established Mexican Empire for a federated republic. Numerous civil wars ensued followed by a war against the USA in 1846-8 in which Mexico lost much territory. The particular event, if any, that gave rise to these cards is not known.

Image credit: Dudley Ollis.