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Antonio Brugada (Madrid, c.1808)

Published June 12, 2026 Updated June 12, 2026

Una temprana aproximación al modelo gaditano.

1808 HistoryBrugadaReal Fábrica de MadridCadiz-Pattern

English Summary: This rare Spanish-suited pack was produced in Madrid around 1808 by Antonio Brugada, a cardmaker associated with the Royal Playing Card Factory (Real Fábrica de Naipes de Madrid). Its importance lies in the fact that it appears to anticipate several features later associated with the Cádiz pattern, known from the Marchand pack of 1812, generally regarded as the earliest surviving example of that pattern. The pack provides valuable evidence for the development of Spanish playing-card patterns during a period of transition immediately preceding the emergence of the Cádiz model from the earlier Spanish National pattern.

Esta rara baraja española fue producida en Madrid hacia 1808 por Antonio Brugada, fabricante vinculado a la Real Fábrica de Naipes de Madrid. Su principal interés radica en que anticipa varios rasgos que más tarde caracterizarían al denominado modelo de Cádiz, conocido por la baraja de Marchand de 1812 ¹, considerada generalmente el ejemplo más antiguo conservado de dicho modelo.

Anuncio de 1775

Anuncio de 1775, recorte de prensa. Haz clic en la imagen para ampliarla.

La historia de los Brugada presenta algunas incertidumbres. Un anuncio de 1775 indica que Antonio Brugada había estado anteriormente al frente de la Real Fábrica, aunque la documentación conservada es incompleta. Se sabe que un Brugada seguía relacionado con la fábrica en 1804, pero no siempre es posible determinar si las referencias corresponden a Antonio o a su hijo Juan Brugada, quien continuó la actividad familiar a nombre de Juan de Brugada e Hijo hasta 1835. La transformación de la Real Fábrica en Fábrica de Tabacos por orden de José I Bonaparte en 1809 añade nuevas dificultades para averiguar la posterior ubicación y actividad de la Real Fábrica.

Se conocen muy pocos ejemplares de naipes atribuidos a Brugada, lo que confiere especial interés a esta baraja. El ejemplar conservado consta de 40 cartas; no obstante, se desconoce si fue fabricado originalmente con esa composición para algún juego en particular o si faltan los ochos y nueves de una baraja completa de 48 naipes.

Más allá de las incertidumbres sobre su origen exacto, este conjunto constituye un valioso testimonio de la evolución de los modelos españoles en los años inmediatamente anteriores a la consolidación del modelo gaditano.

Antonio Brugada (Madrid, c.1808)

Antonio Brugada (Madrid, c.1808)

De Brugada no se conocen más allá de tres barajas: la del WCMPC, otra en el Museo Fournier y otra más en manos particulares, lo que convierte a este ejemplar en una referencia importante para estudiar su producción. APG.

Reference

1. WCMPC Collection : L Marchand, Cadiz, 1812

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24 Articles

By Alberto Pérez González

Spain • Member since December 21, 2016

I am a researcher and my primary interest lies in playing cards manufactured in Cádiz (not the 'Cádiz' type in general). I have authored several articles in the annual Asescoin magazine 'La Sota'. Among them are: “Madrid’s Playing Cards from the 17th to the 20th Century”; “New Contributions to the Study of Playing Cards in the Valencian Country”; “The Fouquets: 'Navarra pattern' in the Netherlands”; “Divided Playing Cards: Combining Ingenuity with Skill”; “Here Be Dragons: Speculations on the Evolution of the so-called 'Portuguese' Pattern”; “Playing Cards in Chile: News and Chronicles from the Viceroyalty Era”...

I have written and designed the book “Los Naipes de Cádiz” (296 pp). Additionally, I have contributed to the design, layout, and collaboration in Enrique García Martín’s book “Naipes, Arte y Fantasía” (444 pp).

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